Solution Description
Very best Micro Reduction Motor Very hot Sale Electric powered Motor
Item Description
one)Specification
- Product: ZWMD008008-152
- Rated Voltage: 4.2v
- No Load Speed: 103 rpm
- No Load Current: 95 mA
- Rated Load Speed: 80 rpm
- Rated Load Current: 160 mA
- Rated Load Torque: 123 gf.cm
- Rated Torque of Equipment Box: 600 gf.cm
- Instantaneous Torque of Gear Box: 1200 gf.cm
- All round Length L: 31.5 mm
- Gear Box Length L1: 17.0 mm
Product | Application Parameters | Rated Torque of Gear Box | Instant Torque of Equipment Box | Gear Ratio | Gear Box Size L1 |
|||||||
Rated | At No Load | At Rated Load | Overall Duration L |
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Voltage | Velocity | Recent | Speed | Recent | Torque | |||||||
VDC | rpm | mA | rpm | mA | gf.cm | mN.m | mm | gf.cm | gf.cm | mm | ||
ZWMD008008-forty seven | 4.2 | 335 | 95 | 259 | 160 | 40 | 3.nine | 31.5 | 600 | 1200 | 46.7 | 17. |
ZWMD008008-69 | 4.2 | 226 | 95 | 175 | a hundred and sixty | fifty six | five.five | 600 | 1200 | sixty nine.1 | ||
ZWMD008008-102 | four.2 | 153 | ninety five | 118 | 160 | 87 | eight.six | 600 | 1200 | 102.four | ||
ZWMD008008-152 | four.2 | 103 | ninety five | eighty | a hundred and sixty | 123 | twelve.one | 600 | 1200 | 151.seven | ||
ZWMD008008-168 | four.two | ninety one | a hundred | 72 | one hundred sixty | 124 | 12.two | 34.2 | 750 | 1500 | 168. | 19.7 |
ZWMD008008-249 | four.2 | sixty two | 100 | forty nine | a hundred and sixty | 176 | 17.3 | 750 | 1500 | 248.eight | ||
ZWMD008008-369 | 4.two | 42 | one hundred | 33 | a hundred and sixty | 273 | 26.8 | 750 | 1500 | 368.6 | ||
ZWMD008008-809 | 4.2 | 19 | a hundred | fifteen | one hundred sixty | 599 | fifty eight.eight | 750 | 1500 | 809.one |
earlier mentioned specifications just for reference and customizable according to specifications.
Integrated Drive Manage Module.
Please let us know your needs and we will offer you with micro transmission answers.
two)Second Drawing
Comprehensive Pictures
Software
Sensible wearable devices | view,VR,AR,XR and and so forth. |
Home software | kitchen area appliances, stitching equipment, corn popper, vacuum cleaner, yard resource, sanitary ware, window curtain, smart closestool, sweeping robotic, energy seat, standing desk, electrical couch, Television, personal computer, treadmill, spyhole, cooker hood, electric powered drawer, electric mosquito internet, intelligent cabinet, clever wardrobe, automated cleaning soap dispenser, UV baby bottle sterilizer, lifting hot pot cookware, dishwasher, washing machine, meals breaking equipment, dryer, air conditioning, dustbin, espresso equipment, whisk,wise lock,bread maker,Window cleaning robotic and etc. |
communication tools | 5G foundation station,movie meeting,cellular phone and and many others. |
Workplace automation equipments | scanners, printers, multifunction equipment duplicate machines, fax (FAX paper cutter), laptop peripheral, financial institution device, screen, lifting socket, exhibit,notebook Laptop and etc. |
Automotive products | conditioning damper actuator, car DVD,doorway lock actuator, retractable rearview mirror, meters, optic axis management system, head gentle beam level adjuster, auto h2o pump, automobile antenna, lumbar help, EPB, auto tail gate electric putter, HUD, head-up show, vehicle sunroof, EPS, AGS, auto window, head restraint, E-booster, vehicle seat, car charging station and and so forth. |
Toys and models | radio handle model, automatic cruise handle, experience-on toy, academic robot, programming robot, health-related robot, automated feeder, intelligent constructing blocks, escort robotic and and many others. |
Medical equipments | blood strain meter, breath device, healthcare cleaning pump, healthcare mattress, blood pressure monitors, healthcare ventilator, surgical staplers, infusion pump, dental instrument, self-clotting cutter, wound cleansing pump for orthopedic medical procedures,digital cigarette, eyebrow pencil,fascia gun, , surgical robot,laboratory automation and and many others. |
Industrials | flow control valves, seismic screening,automated reclosing,Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle,automatic feeder ,intelligent specific cupboard and and many others. |
Electrical power tools | electrical drill, screwdriver,garden instrument and and many others. |
Precision instruments | optics instruments,automated vending equipment, wire-stripping machine and and many others. |
Personal care | tooth brush, hair clipper, electrical shaver, massager, vibrator, hair dryer, rubdown machine, scissor hair machine, foot grinder,anti-myopia pen, facial splendor products, hair roller,Electric powered threading knife,Electrical power Best PORE, Puff device,eyebrow tweezers and and many others. |
Consumer electronics | camera, cell phone,electronic digital camera, computerized retracting device,camcorder, kinescope DVD,headphone stereo, cassette tape recorder, bluetooth earbud charging circumstance, turntable, tablet,UAV(unmanned aerial car),surveillance camera,PTZ digital camera, rotating smart speaker and and many others. |
robots | educational robotic, programming robot, medical robotic, escort robotic and and many others. |
Firm Profile
HangZhou CZPT Equipment & Electronics Co., Ltd was established in 2001,We supply the complete generate resolution for customers from style, tooling fabrication, parts producing and assembly.
Workshop
Testing Products
one) Aggressive Benefits
- 1) Aggressive Advantages
19+year knowledge in production motor gearbox
We offer complex assistance from r&d, prototype, tests, assembly and serial creation , ODM &OEM
Competitive Cost
Item Performance: Reduced sound, Large effectiveness, Lengthy lifespan
Prompt Delivery: fifteen working days following payment
Tiny Orders Approved
2) Principal Products
-
Precision reduction gearbox and its diameter:3.4mm-38mm,voltage:1.5-24V,power: .01-40W,output speed:5-2000rpm and output torque:1. gf.cm -50kgf.cm,
- Tailored worm and gear transmission machinery
- Precise electromechanical motion module
- Exact element and assembly of plastic and metallic powder injection.
Our Services
- ODM & OEM
- Gearbox layout and development
- Associated engineering assist
- Micro drive gearbox personalized answer
Packaging & Transport
one) Packing Particulars
packed in nylon firstly, then carton, and then reinforced with wooden scenario for outer packing.
Or in accordance to client’s need.
two) Shipping and delivery Details
samples will be transported inside of 10 times
batch get foremost time according to the genuine situation.
Certifications
Certifications
We Have passed to maintain ISO9001:2015(CN11/3571),ISO14001:2004(U006616E0153R3M), ISO13485:2016(CN18/42018) and IATF16949:2016(CN11/3571.01).
and a lot more…
FAQ
FAQ
one. Can you make the gearbox with customized specs?
Sure. We have design and style and advancement crew, also a wonderful phrase of engineers, each and every of them have
several operate many years knowledge.
two.Do you give the samples?
Sure. Our business can offer the samples to you, and the delivery time is about 5-15days in accordance to the specification of gearbox you need to have.
3.What is your MOQ?
Our MOQ is 2000pcs. But at the beginning of our business, we accept little order.
four. Do you have the item in inventory?
I am sorry we donot have the item in stock, All merchandise are created with orders.
five. Do you give technology assistance?
Yes. Our firm have style and development team, we can provide technology assistance if you
need to have.
six.How to ship to us?
We will ship the products to you in accordance to the DHL or UPS or FEDEX and many others account you offer.
seven.How to shell out the income?
We settle for T/T in progress. Also we have distinct lender account for getting cash, like US dollors or RMB etc.
eight. How can I know the merchandise is appropriate for me?
Frist, you want to offer us the a lot more specifics info about the merchandise. We will advocate the product to you according to your need of specification. Following you validate, we will prepare the samples to you. also we will offer some great advancements in accordance to your item use.
nine. Can I come to your company to go to?
Indeed, you can come to our organization to go to at whenever, and welcome to pay a visit to our organization.
10. How do make contact with us ?
Please send an inquiry
/ Piece | |
1,000 Pieces (Min. Order) |
###
Application: | Motor, Car |
---|---|
Function: | Change Drive Torque, Speed Reduction |
Layout: | Cycloidal |
Hardness: | Hardened Tooth Surface |
Installation: | Customize |
Step: | Customize |
###
Samples: |
US$ 90/Piece
1 Piece(Min.Order) |
---|
###
Customization: |
---|
###
Model | Application Parameters | Rated Torque of Gear Box | Instant Torque of Gear Box | Gear Ratio | Gear Box Length L1 |
|||||||
Rated | At No Load | At Rated Load | Overall Length L |
|||||||||
Voltage | Speed | Current | Speed | Current | Torque | |||||||
VDC | rpm | mA | rpm | mA | gf.cm | mN.m | mm | gf.cm | gf.cm | mm | ||
ZWMD008008-47 | 4.2 | 335 | 95 | 259 | 160 | 40 | 3.9 | 31.5 | 600 | 1200 | 46.7 | 17.0 |
ZWMD008008-69 | 4.2 | 226 | 95 | 175 | 160 | 56 | 5.5 | 600 | 1200 | 69.1 | ||
ZWMD008008-102 | 4.2 | 153 | 95 | 118 | 160 | 87 | 8.6 | 600 | 1200 | 102.4 | ||
ZWMD008008-152 | 4.2 | 103 | 95 | 80 | 160 | 123 | 12.1 | 600 | 1200 | 151.7 | ||
ZWMD008008-168 | 4.2 | 91 | 100 | 72 | 160 | 124 | 12.2 | 34.2 | 750 | 1500 | 168.0 | 19.7 |
ZWMD008008-249 | 4.2 | 62 | 100 | 49 | 160 | 176 | 17.3 | 750 | 1500 | 248.8 | ||
ZWMD008008-369 | 4.2 | 42 | 100 | 33 | 160 | 273 | 26.8 | 750 | 1500 | 368.6 | ||
ZWMD008008-809 | 4.2 | 19 | 100 | 15 | 160 | 599 | 58.8 | 750 | 1500 | 809.1 |
###
Smart wearable devices | watch,VR,AR,XR and etc. |
Household application | kitchen appliances, sewing machines, corn popper, vacuum cleaner, garden tool, sanitary ware, window curtain, intelligent closestool, sweeping robot, power seat, standing desk, electric sofa, TV, computer, treadmill, spyhole, cooker hood, electric drawer, electric mosquito net, intelligent cupboard, intelligent wardrobe, automatic soap dispenser, UV baby bottle sterilizer, lifting hot pot cookware, dishwasher, washing machine, food breaking machine, dryer, air conditioning, dustbin, coffee machine, whisk,smart lock,bread maker,Window cleaning robot and etc. |
communication equipment | 5G base station,video conference,mobile phone and etc. |
Office automation equipments | scanners, printers, multifunction machines copy machines, fax (FAX paper cutter), computer peripheral, bank machine, screen, lifting socket, display,notebook PC and etc. |
Automotive products | conditioning damper actuator, car DVD,door lock actuator, retractable rearview mirror, meters, optic axis control device, head light beam level adjuster, car water pump, car antenna, lumbar support, EPB, car tail gate electric putter, HUD, head-up display, vehicle sunroof, EPS, AGS, car window, head restraint, E-booster, car seat, vehicle charging station and etc. |
Toys and models | radio control model, automatic cruise control, ride-on toy, educational robot, programming robot, medical robot, automatic feeder, intelligent building blocks, escort robot and etc. |
Medical equipments | blood pressure meter, breath machine, medical cleaning pump, medical bed, blood pressure monitors, medical ventilator, surgical staplers, infusion pump, dental instrument, self-clotting cutter, wound cleaning pump for orthopedic surgery,electronic cigarette, eyebrow pencil,fascia gun, , surgical robot,laboratory automation and etc. |
Industrials | flow control valves, seismic testing,automatic reclosing,Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle,automatic feeder ,intelligent express cabinet and etc. |
Electric power tools | electric drill, screwdriver,garden tool and etc. |
Precision instruments | optics instruments,automatic vending machine, wire-stripping machine and etc. |
Personal care | tooth brush, hair clipper, electric shaver, massager, vibrator, hair dryer, rubdown machine, scissor hair machine, foot grinder,anti-myopia pen, facial beauty equipment, hair curler,Electric threading knife,POWER PERFECT PORE, Puff machine,eyebrow tweezers and etc. |
Consumer electronics | camera, mobile phone,digital camera, automatic retracting device,camcorder, kinescope DVD,headphone stereo, cassette tape recorder, bluetooth earbud charging case, turntable, tablet,UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle),surveillance camera,PTZ camera, rotating smart speaker and etc. |
robots | educational robot, programming robot, medical robot, escort robot and etc. |
/ Piece | |
1,000 Pieces (Min. Order) |
###
Application: | Motor, Car |
---|---|
Function: | Change Drive Torque, Speed Reduction |
Layout: | Cycloidal |
Hardness: | Hardened Tooth Surface |
Installation: | Customize |
Step: | Customize |
###
Samples: |
US$ 90/Piece
1 Piece(Min.Order) |
---|
###
Customization: |
---|
###
Model | Application Parameters | Rated Torque of Gear Box | Instant Torque of Gear Box | Gear Ratio | Gear Box Length L1 |
|||||||
Rated | At No Load | At Rated Load | Overall Length L |
|||||||||
Voltage | Speed | Current | Speed | Current | Torque | |||||||
VDC | rpm | mA | rpm | mA | gf.cm | mN.m | mm | gf.cm | gf.cm | mm | ||
ZWMD008008-47 | 4.2 | 335 | 95 | 259 | 160 | 40 | 3.9 | 31.5 | 600 | 1200 | 46.7 | 17.0 |
ZWMD008008-69 | 4.2 | 226 | 95 | 175 | 160 | 56 | 5.5 | 600 | 1200 | 69.1 | ||
ZWMD008008-102 | 4.2 | 153 | 95 | 118 | 160 | 87 | 8.6 | 600 | 1200 | 102.4 | ||
ZWMD008008-152 | 4.2 | 103 | 95 | 80 | 160 | 123 | 12.1 | 600 | 1200 | 151.7 | ||
ZWMD008008-168 | 4.2 | 91 | 100 | 72 | 160 | 124 | 12.2 | 34.2 | 750 | 1500 | 168.0 | 19.7 |
ZWMD008008-249 | 4.2 | 62 | 100 | 49 | 160 | 176 | 17.3 | 750 | 1500 | 248.8 | ||
ZWMD008008-369 | 4.2 | 42 | 100 | 33 | 160 | 273 | 26.8 | 750 | 1500 | 368.6 | ||
ZWMD008008-809 | 4.2 | 19 | 100 | 15 | 160 | 599 | 58.8 | 750 | 1500 | 809.1 |
###
Smart wearable devices | watch,VR,AR,XR and etc. |
Household application | kitchen appliances, sewing machines, corn popper, vacuum cleaner, garden tool, sanitary ware, window curtain, intelligent closestool, sweeping robot, power seat, standing desk, electric sofa, TV, computer, treadmill, spyhole, cooker hood, electric drawer, electric mosquito net, intelligent cupboard, intelligent wardrobe, automatic soap dispenser, UV baby bottle sterilizer, lifting hot pot cookware, dishwasher, washing machine, food breaking machine, dryer, air conditioning, dustbin, coffee machine, whisk,smart lock,bread maker,Window cleaning robot and etc. |
communication equipment | 5G base station,video conference,mobile phone and etc. |
Office automation equipments | scanners, printers, multifunction machines copy machines, fax (FAX paper cutter), computer peripheral, bank machine, screen, lifting socket, display,notebook PC and etc. |
Automotive products | conditioning damper actuator, car DVD,door lock actuator, retractable rearview mirror, meters, optic axis control device, head light beam level adjuster, car water pump, car antenna, lumbar support, EPB, car tail gate electric putter, HUD, head-up display, vehicle sunroof, EPS, AGS, car window, head restraint, E-booster, car seat, vehicle charging station and etc. |
Toys and models | radio control model, automatic cruise control, ride-on toy, educational robot, programming robot, medical robot, automatic feeder, intelligent building blocks, escort robot and etc. |
Medical equipments | blood pressure meter, breath machine, medical cleaning pump, medical bed, blood pressure monitors, medical ventilator, surgical staplers, infusion pump, dental instrument, self-clotting cutter, wound cleaning pump for orthopedic surgery,electronic cigarette, eyebrow pencil,fascia gun, , surgical robot,laboratory automation and etc. |
Industrials | flow control valves, seismic testing,automatic reclosing,Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle,automatic feeder ,intelligent express cabinet and etc. |
Electric power tools | electric drill, screwdriver,garden tool and etc. |
Precision instruments | optics instruments,automatic vending machine, wire-stripping machine and etc. |
Personal care | tooth brush, hair clipper, electric shaver, massager, vibrator, hair dryer, rubdown machine, scissor hair machine, foot grinder,anti-myopia pen, facial beauty equipment, hair curler,Electric threading knife,POWER PERFECT PORE, Puff machine,eyebrow tweezers and etc. |
Consumer electronics | camera, mobile phone,digital camera, automatic retracting device,camcorder, kinescope DVD,headphone stereo, cassette tape recorder, bluetooth earbud charging case, turntable, tablet,UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle),surveillance camera,PTZ camera, rotating smart speaker and etc. |
robots | educational robot, programming robot, medical robot, escort robot and etc. |
Cyclone Gearbox Vs Involute Gearbox
Whether you’re using a cycloidal gearbox or an involute gearbox for your application, there are a few things you should know. This article will highlight some of those things, including: cycloidal gearbox vs involute gearbox, weight, compressive force, precision, and torque density.
Compressive force
Several studies have been carried out to analyze the static characteristics of gears. In this article, the authors investigate the structural and kinematic principles of a cycloidal gearbox. The cycloidal gearbox is a gearbox that uses an eccentric bearing inside a rotating frame. It has no common pinion-gear pair, and is therefore ideal for a high reduction ratio.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the stress distribution on a cycloidal disc. Various gear profiles are investigated in order to study the load distribution and dynamic effects.
Cycloidal gearboxes are subject to compression and backlash, which require the use of proper ratios for the bearing rate and the TSA. The paper also focuses on the kinematic principles of the reducer. In addition, the authors use standard analysis techniques for the shaft/gear and the cycloidal disc.
The authors previously worked on a rigid body dynamic simulation of a cycloidal reducer. The analysis used a trochoidal profile on the cycloidal disc periphery. The trochoidal profile is obtained from a manufacturing drawing and takes into account the tolerances.
The mesh density in the cycloidal disc captures the exact geometry of the parts. It provides accurate contact stresses.
The cycloidal disc consists of nine lobes, which move by one lobe per rotation of the drive shaft. However, when the disc is rotated around the pins, the cycloidal disc does not move around the center of gravity. Therefore, the cycloidal disc shares torque load with five outer rollers.
A low reduction ratio in a cycloidal gearbox results in a higher induced stress in the cycloidal disc. This is due to the bigger hole designed to reduce the material inside the disc.
Torque density
Several types of magnetic gearboxes have been studied. Some magnetic gearboxes have a higher torque density than others, but they are still not able to compete with the mechanical gearboxes.
A new high torque density cycloidal magnetic gearbox using Halbach rotors has been developed and is being tested. The design was validated by building a CPCyMG prototype. The results showed that the simulated slip torque was comparable to the experimental slip torque. The peak torque measured was a p3 = 14 spatial harmonic, and it corresponds to the active region torque density of 261.4 N*m/L.
This cycloidal gearbox also has a high gear ratio. It has been tested to achieve a peak torque of 147.8 Nm, which is more than double the torque density of the traditional cycloidal gearbox. The design incorporates a ferromagnetic back-support that provides mechanical fabrication support.
This cycloidal gearbox also shows how a small diameter can achieve a high torque density. It is designed with an axial length of 50mm. The radial deflection forces are not serious at this length. The design uses a small air gap to reduce the radial deflection forces, but it is not the only design option.
The trade-off design also has a high volumetric torque density. It has a smaller air gap and a higher mass torque density. It is feasible to make and mechanically strong. The design is also one of the most efficient in its class.
The helical gearing design is a newer technology that brings a higher level of precision to a cycloidal gearbox. It allows a servomotor to handle a heavy load at high cycle rates. It is also useful in applications that require smaller design envelopes.
Weight
Compared to planetary gearboxes, the weight of cycloidal gearboxes is not as significant. However, they do provide some advantages. One of the most significant features is their backlash-free operation, which helps them deliver smooth and precise movement.
In addition, they provide high efficiency, which means that servo motors can run at higher speeds. The best part is that they do not need to be stacked up in order to achieve a high ratio.
Another advantage of cycloidal gearboxes is that they are usually less expensive than planetary gearboxes. This means that they are suitable for the manufacturing industry and robotics. They are also suited for heavy-duty robots that require a robust gearbox.
They also provide a better reduction ratio. Cycloidal gears can achieve reduction ratios from 30:1 to 300:1, which is a huge improvement over planetary gears. However, there are few models available that provide a ratio below 30:1.
Cycloidal gears also offer more resistance to wear, which means that they can last longer than planetary gears. They are also more compact, which helps them achieve high ratios in a smaller space. The design of cycloidal gears also makes them less prone to backlash, which is one of the major shortcomings of planetary gearboxes.
In addition, cycloidal gears can also provide better positioning accuracy. In fact, this is one of the primary reasons for choosing cycloidal gears over planetary gears. This is because the cycloid disc rotates around a bearing independently of the input shaft.
Compared to planetary gearboxes, cycloidal gears are also much shorter. This means that they provide the best positioning accuracy. They are also 50% lighter, meaning that they have a smaller diameter.
Precision
Several experts have studied the cycloidal gearbox in precision reducers. Their research mainly focuses on the mathematical model and the method for precision evaluation of cycloidal gears.
The traditional modification design of cycloidal gears is mainly realized by setting various machining parameters and center position of the grinding wheel. But it has some disadvantages because of unstable meshing accuracy and uncontrollable tooth profile curve shape.
In this study, a new method of modification design of cycloidal gears is proposed. This method is based on the calculation of meshing backlash and pressure angle distribution. It can effectively pre-control the transmission accuracy of cycloid-pin gear. It can also ensure good meshing characteristics.
The proposed method can be applied in the manufacture of rotary vector reducers. It is also applicable in the precision reducer for robots.
The mathematical model for cycloidal gears can be established with the pressure angle a as a dependent variable. It is possible to calculate the pressure angle distribution and the profile pressure angle. It can also be expressed as DL=f(a). It can be applied in the design of precision reducers.
The study also considers the root clearance, the backlash of gear teeth and the profile angle. These factors have a direct effect on the transmission performance of cycloidal gear. It also indicates the higher motion accuracy and the smaller backlash. The modified profile can also reflect the smaller transmission error.
In addition, the proposed method is also based on the calculation of lost motion. It determines the angle of first tooth contacts. This angle is an important factor affecting the modification quality. The transmission error after the second cycloid method is the least.
Finally, a case study on the CZPT RV-35N gear pair is shown to prove the proposed method.
Involute gears vs cycloidal gears
Compared to involute gears, cycloidal gears have a lower noise, less friction, and last longer. However, they are more expensive. Cycloidal gears can be more difficult to manufacture. They may be less suitable for certain applications, including space manipulators and robotic joints.
The most common gear profile is the involute curve of a circle. This curve is formed by the endpoint of an imaginary taut string unwinding from the circle.
Another curve is the epicycloid curve. This curve is formed by the point rigidly attached to the circle rolling over another circle. This curve is difficult to produce and is much more expensive to produce than the involute curve.
The cycloid curve of a circle is also an example of the multi-cursor. This curve is generated by the locus of the point on the circle’s circumference.
The cycloid curve has the same diameter as the involute curve, but is tangentially curving along the circle’s diameter. This curve is also classified as ordinary. It has several other functions. The FE method was used to analyze the strain state of cycloidal speed reducers.
There are many other curves, but the involute curve is the most widely used gear profile. The involute curve of a circle is a spiraling curve traced by the endpoint of an imaginary tautstring.
Involute gears are a lot like a set of Lego blocks. They are a lot of fun to play with. They also have a lot of advantages. For example, they can handle center sifts better than cycloidal gears. They are also much easier to manufacture, so the cost of involute teeth is lower. However, they are obsolete.
Cycloidal gears are also more difficult to manufacture than involute gears. They have a convex surface, which leads to more wear. They also have a simpler shape than involute gears. They also have less teeth. They are used in rotary motions, such as in the rotors of screw compressors.
editor by CX 2023-03-27